Off course will a patched Kernel work, if you do the patch ... I'm talking about the stock Kernels. And Ubuntu used the 5.4 Kernel, because it was the up-to-date Kernel at that time, I guess.
Why do you need a faster fan? My fans often spin at the same speed (100RPM). Sometimes one spins faster (200 or 300RPM). The fan speed is self-regulating. It is a PWM signal.
The fan curve when and how fast the fans are rotating can be adjusted. But for that you have to adjust the curve and then recompile the firmware.